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Mycological Resources

Mycological Resources

We analyze the ecosystem services provided by wild edible fungi, their diversity, ecological function, and agro-food potential. We study their role in carbon storage, forest resilience, and the impact of climate change on their production. Additionally, we investigate sustainable harvesting, mycotourism, and mycogastronomic innovation to strengthen the agri-food sector and develop adaptive strategies.

Grupo de investigación dependiente del

Department of Food Technology

Our research group plays a key role in understanding, managing, and enhancing the ecosystem services provided by wild edible fungi, which are essential for biodiversity, forest resilience, and the agri-food sector. Through our research, we contribute to sustainable development, benefiting harvesters, producers, researchers, forest managers, the food industry, and specialized tourism.

Our main lines of research include:

  • Mycological production in a global change context, addressing the territorial mycological potential, the impact of forestry, the development of truffle cultivation, and the sustainable use of fungi.
  • Agri-food valorization, studying the distinctive characteristics of various species and their relationship with the environment and consumer preferences.
  • Mycotouristic valorization, analyzing the profile of mycological tourists and the territorial offer linked to this activity.
  • Knowledge transfer, innovation, and training, promoting the European Fungi-Friendly-Forest certification, knowledge networks such as MYCOFORUM, and international events like Trufforum.

Our work strengthens the agri-food sector and fosters adaptive strategies for mycological production in a constantly evolving world.

Research

Our research group plays a fundamental role in the characterization, sustainable management, and valorization of the ecosystem services provided by wild edible fungi. In the context of global change, these organisms are crucial for forest resilience, biodiversity, and carbon storage, while also presenting economic and social opportunities for sectors such as agriculture, gastronomy, and specialized tourism. Our work aims to understand, manage, and enhance these ecosystem services to ensure their sustainability and integration into various productive sectors.

Our research benefits multiple stakeholders, from harvesters and producers to forest managers, researchers, and the agri-food industry. It also impacts emerging sectors like mycotourism, facilitating territorial development strategies that take advantage of the growing demand for fungi-centered tourism experiences. Generating knowledge about fungal production, utilization, and management allows us to design more efficient and sustainable models, which is essential for climate change adaptation and the responsible use of forest resources.


Research Areas

Through various lines of research, we address the main challenges and opportunities presented by wild edible fungi:

  1. Mycological production in the context of global change
    • Characterization of territorial mycological potential: Developing advanced inventory and monitoring systems using expert models and empirical models, in collaboration with Mycological Parks (FFF) and citizen science.
    • Impact of forestry: Studying the transition from timber-oriented forestry to mycoforestry, focusing on forest resilience and the valorization of fungi of alimentary interest.
    • Truffle cultivation: Investigating truffle production in the context of global change, identifying key factors for its sustainability and efficiency.
    • Fungal utilization: Characterizing harvesting practices and improving methods for estimating collector pressure to ensure sustainable and climate-adapted use.
  2. Agri-food valorization of fungal resources
    • Studying the distinctive parameters of wild edible fungi populations, analyzing their diversity, quality, and ecological relationships.
    • Investigating consumer preferences and the viability of innovative commercialization strategies.
  3. Mycotouristic valorization of fungal resources
    • Exploring the motives and motivations of mycological tourists, identifying factors that influence their segmentation and engagement.
    • Examining opportunities for developing products and activities linked to mycotourism, contributing to territorial dynamization in high-mycological-potential areas.
  4. Knowledge transfer, innovation, and training


Impact and Outreach

Thanks to the interdisciplinary nature of our research, we facilitate the implementation of adaptive strategies for mycological production in the context of global change. Our work promotes forest ecosystem sustainability, strengthens the agri-food sector, and fosters gastronomic and tourism innovation, making a significant impact on the conservation and valorization of wild edible fungi.

Through collaboration with institutions, producers, and managers, we aim to transfer knowledge and generate practical solutions that maximize the socioeconomic and environmental benefits of mycology. With this vision, we create working networks and promote specialized education, contributing to the development of a more sustainable, competitive, and resilient sector.

Miembros

Equipo

Coordinador de Grupo

  • 1
    • de Frutos Madrazo, P., Latorre Minguell, J., Martín-Cervantes, PA., Martínez Peña, F. (2025)

      The impact of competition for picking wild edible mushrooms and the opportunity cost for rural communities: the case of Castile and León (Spain)

      Front. Sustain. Food Syst. | 8

      DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2024.1474624

    • Giada Centenaro, Sergio de-Miguel, José Antonio Bonet, Fernando Martínez Peña, Ruben Escribano Gil De Gomez, Ángel Ponce, Svetlana Dashevskaya, Josu G. Alday (2024)

      Spatially-explicit effects of small-scale clear-cutting on soil fungal communities in Pinus sylvestris stands

      DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168628

    • Yasmin Piñuela, Josu G. Alday, Daniel Oliach, Carles Castaño, Ulf Büntgen, Simon Egli, Fernando Martínez Peña, Svetlana Dashevskaya, Carlos Colinas, Martina Peter, José Antonio Bonet (2024)

      Habitat is more important than climate for structuring soil fungal communities associated in truffle sites

      Fungal Biology

      DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2024.02.006

  • 0
    • Steidinger, B. S., Büntgen, U., Stobbe, U., Tegel, W., Sproll, L., Haeni, M., Moser, B., Bagi, I., Bonet, J.-A., Buée, M., Dauphin, B., Martínez-Peña, F., Molinier, V., Zweifel, R., Egli, S., & Peter, M. (2022)

      The fall of the summer truffle: Recurring hot, dry summers result in declining fruitbody production of Tuber aestivum in Central Europe

      Global Change Biology | 28 : 7376-7390

      DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16424

    • Cejka, Tomas; Isaac, Elizabeth L; Oliach, Daniel; Martinez-pena, Fernando; Egli, Simon; Thomas, Paul; Trnka, Miroslav; Buntgen, Ulf (2022)

      Risk and reward of the global truffle sector under predicted climate change

      Environmental Research Letters | 17

      DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac47c4

    • Joaquin Latorre, Tiziana de-Magistris, Pablo de Frutos, Blanca García & Fernando Martinez-Peña (2021)

      Demand for mycotourism products in rural forest areas. A choice model approach, Tourism Recreation Research

      DOI: 10.1080/02508281.2021.1926749

    • Joaquin Latorre, Pablo de Frutos, Tiziana de-Magistris & Fernando Martinez-Peña (2021)

      Segmenting tourists by their motivation for an innovative tourism product: mycotourism

      Journal of Ecotourism | 20 : 311-340

      DOI: 10.1080/14724049.2021.1892123

    • J. Julio Camarero, Eduardo Collado, Juan Martínez-de-Aragón, Sergio de-Miguel, Ulf Büntgen, Fernando Martinez-Peña, Pablo Martín-Pinto, Esteri Ohenoja, Taina Romppanen, Kauko Salo, J. Andrés Oria-de-Rueda & J. Antonio Bonet (2021)

      Associations between climate and earlywood and latewood width in boreal and Mediterranean Scots pine forests

      Trees | 35 : 155-169

      DOI: 10.1007/s00468-020-02028-0

    • García-Bustamante, E, Fidel González-Rouco, JF, García-Lozano, E, Martinez-Peña, F, Navarro, J. (2021)

      Impact of local and regional climate variability on fungi production from Pinus sylvestris forests in Soria, Spain

      Int J Climatol | 41 : 5625-5643

      DOI: 10.1002/joc.7144

    • Mariola Sánchez-González, Sergio de-Miguel, Pablo Martin-Pinto, Fernando Martínez-Peña, María Pasalodos-Tato, Juan Andrés Oria-de-Rueda, Juan Martínez de Aragón, Isabel Cañellas & José Antonio Bonet (2019)

      Yield models for predicting aboveground ectomycorrhizal fungal productivity in Pinus sylvestris and Pinus pinaster stands of northern Spain

      For. Ecosyst. | 6

      DOI: 10.1186/s40663-019-0211-1

    • E. Collado, J.A. Bonet, J.J. Camarero, S. Egli, M. Peter, K. Salo, F. Martínez-Peña, E. Ohenoja, P. Martín-Pinto, I. Primicia, U. Büntgen, M. Kurttila, J.A. Oria-de-Rueda, J. Martínez-de-Aragón, J. Miina, S. de-Miguel (2019)

      Mushroom productivity trends in relation to tree growth and climate across different European forest biomes

      Science of The Total Environment | 689 : 602-615

      DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.471

    • J. Parladé, M. Queralt, J. Pera, J.A. Bonet, C. Castaño, F. Martínez-Peña, J. Piñol, M.A. Senar, A.M. De Miguel (2019)

      Temporal dynamics of soil fungal communities after partial and total clear-cutting in a managed Pinus sylvestris stand

      Forest Ecology and Management | 449

      DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117456

    • Büntgen, U., Oliach, D., Martínez Peña, F., Latorre, J., Egli, S., Krusic, P. (2019)

      Black truffle winter production depends on Mediterranean summer precipitation

      Environ. Res. Lett. | 14

      DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ab1880

    • Pablo de Frutos, Beatriz Rodríguez-Prado, Joaquín Latorre, Fernando Martínez-Peña (2019)

      Environmental valuation and management of wild edible mushroom picking in Spain

      Forest Policy and Economics | 100 : 177-187

      DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2018.12.008

    • Pablo Campos, Alejandro Caparrós, José L. Oviedo, Paola Ovando, Begoña Álvarez-Farizo, Luis Díaz-Balteiro, Juan Carranza, Santiago Beguería, Mario Díaz, A. Casimiro Herruzo, Fernando Martínez-Peña, Mario Soliño, Alejandro Álvarez, María Martínez-Jauregui, María Pasalodos-Tato, Pablo de Frutos, Jorge Aldea, Eloy Almazán, Elena D. Concepción, Bruno Mesa, Carlos Romero, Roberto Serrano-Notivoli, Cristina Fernández, Jerónimo Torres-Porras, Gregorio Montero (2019)

      Bridging the Gap Between National and Ecosystem Accounting Application in Andalusian Forests, Spain

      Ecological Economics | 157 : 218-236

      DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2018.11.017

    • Pablo de Frutos, Beatriz Rodriguez-Prado, Joaquín Latorre, Fernando Martinez-Peña (2019)

      A Gravity Model to Explain Flows of Wild Edible Mushroom Picking. A Panel Data Analysis,

      Ecological Economics | 156 : 164-173

      DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2018.09.017

    • Büntgen, U., Latorre, J., Egli, S., and Martínez-Peña, F. (2017)

      Socio-economic, scientific, and political benefits of mycotourism

      Ecosphere

      DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1870

    • J. Parladé, F. Martínez-Peña, J. Pera (2017)

      Effects of forest management and climatic variables on the mycelium dynamics and sporocarp production of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Boletus edulis

      Forest Ecology and Management | 390 : 73-79

      DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2017.01.025

    • Josu G. Alday, José Antonio Bonet, Juan Andrés Oria-de-Rueda, Juan Martínez-de-Aragón, Jorge Aldea, Pablo Martín-Pinto, Sergio de-Miguel, María Hernández-Rodríguez, Fernando Martínez-Peña (2017)

      Record breaking mushroom yields in Spain

      Fungal Ecology | 26 : 144-146

      DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2017.01.004

    • Ulf Büntgen ,István Bagi,Oszkár Fekete,Virginie Molinier,Martina Peter,Richard Splivallo, Maryam Vahdatzadeh, Franck Richard, Claude Murat, Willy Tegel, Ulrich Stobbe, Fernando Martínez-Peña, Ludger Sproll, Lisa Hülsmann, Daniel Nievergelt, Barbara Meier, Simon Egli (2017)

      New Insights into the Complex Relationship between Weight and Maturity of Burgundy Truffles (Tuber aestivum)

      PLoS ONE | 12

      DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170375

    • Carrie Andrew, Einar Heegaard, Rune Halvorsen, Fernando Martinez-Peña, Simon Egli, Paul M. Kirk, Claus Bässler, Ulf Büntgen, Jorge Aldea, Klaus Høiland, Lynne Boddy, Håvard Kauserud (2016)

      Climate impacts on fungal community and trait dynamics

      Fungal Ecology | 22 : 17-25

      DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2016.03.005

    • Zelalem Mengiste Taye, Fernando Martínez-Peña, José Antonio Bonet, Juan Martínez de Aragón, Sergio de-Miguel (2016)

      Meteorological conditions and site characteristics driving edible mushroom production in Pinus pinaster forests of Central Spain

      Fungal Ecology | 23 : 30-41

      DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2016.05.008

    • De Frutos, P.; Martinez-Peña, F.; Aldea, J.; Campos, P. (2016)

      A Model to Estimate Willingness to Pay for Harvest Permits for Wild Edible Mushrooms: Application to Andalusian Forests

      Forests 2016 | 7

      DOI: 10.3390/f7120292

    • Büntgen, U., Egli, S., Galván, J.D., Diez, J.M., Aldea, J., Latorre, J., Martínez-Peña, F. (2015)

      Fungal Ecology | 16 : 6-18

      DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2015.03.008

    • Ulf Büntgen, Simon Egli, Loic Schneider, Georg von Arx, Andreas Rigling, J. Julio Camarero, Gabriel Sangüesa-Barreda, Christine R. Fischer, Daniel Oliach, José A. Bonet, Carlos Colinas, Willy Tegel, José I. Ruiz Barbarin, Fernando Martínez-Peña (2015)

      Long-term irrigation effects on Spanish holm oak growth and its black truffle symbiont

      Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment | 202 : 148-159

      DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2014.12.016

    • Aldea, J.; Martínez-Peña, F.; Romero, C.; Diaz-Balteiro, L. (2014)

      Participatory Goal Programming in Forest Management: An Application Integrating Several Ecosystem Services

      Forests | 5 : 3352-3371

      DOI: 10.3390/f5123352

    • Rafael Alonso Ponce, Teresa Ágreda, Beatriz Águeda, Jorge Aldea, Fernando Martínez-Peña & María Pilar Modrego (2014)

      Soil physical properties influence “black truffle” fructification in plantations

      Mycorrhiza 24 (Suppl 1) | 55-64

      DOI: 10.1007/s00572-014-0558-7

    • Ulf Büntgen, Fernando Martínez-Peña, Jorge Aldea, Andreas Rigling, Erich M. Fischer, J. Julio Camarero, Michael J. Hayes, Vincent Fatton, Simon Egli (2013)

      Declining pine growth in Central Spain coincides with increasing diurnal temperature range since the 1970s

      Global and Planetary Change | 107 : 177-185

      DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2013.05.013

    • Herminia De la Varga, Beatriz Águeda, Teresa Ágreda, Fernando Martínez-Peña, Javier Parladé & Joan Pera (2013)

      Seasonal dynamics of Boletus edulis and Lactarius deliciosus extraradical mycelium in pine forests of central Spain

      Mycorrhiza | 23 : 391-402

      DOI: 10.1007/s00572-013-0481-3

    • de Frutos MadrazoP., Martínez-Peña F., & EstebanS. (2012)

      Edible wild mushroom tourism as a source of income and employment in rural areas. The case of Castilla y León

      Forest Systems | 21 : 81-98

      DOI: 10.5424/fs/2112211-02545

    • Aldea, J., Martínez-Peña, F. & Diaz-Balteiro, L. (2012)

      Integration of fungal production in forest management using a multi-criteria method 2012

      Eur J Forest Res | 131 : 1991-2003

      DOI: 10.1007/s10342-012-0649-y

    • F. Martínez-Peña, S. de-Miguel, T. Pukkala, J.A. Bonet, P. Ortega-Martínez, J. Aldea, J. Martínez de Aragón (2012)

      Yield models for ectomycorrhizal mushrooms in Pinus sylvestris forests with special focus on Boletus edulis and Lactarius group deliciosus

      Forest Ecology and Management | 282 : 63-69

      DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.06.034

    • Martínez-Peña, F., Ágreda, T., Águeda, B. (2012)

      Edible sporocarp production by age class in a Scots pine stand in Northern Spain

      Mycorrhiza | 22 : 167-174

      DOI: 10.1007/s00572-011-0389-8

    • De la Varga, H., Águeda, B., Martínez-Peña, F. (2012)

      Quantification of extraradical soil mycelium and ectomycorrhizas of Boletus edulis in a Scots pine forest with variable sporocarp productivity

      Mycorrhiza | 22 : 59-68

      DOI: 10.1007/s00572-011-0382-2

    • Pedro Ortega-Martínez, Beatriz Águeda, Luz Marina Fernández-Toirán & Fernando Martínez-Peña (2011)

      Tree age influences on the development of edible ectomycorrhizal fungi sporocarps in Pinus sylvestris stands

      Mycorrhiza | 21 : 65-70

      DOI: 10.1007/s00572-010-0320-8

    • Rafael Alonso Ponce, Beatriz Águeda, Teresa Ágreda, María Pilar Modrego, Jorge Aldea, Luz Marina Fernández-Toirán, Fernando Martínez-Peña (2011)

      Rockroses and Boletus edulis ectomycorrhizal association: realized niche and climatic suitability in Spain

      Fungal Ecology | 4 : 224-232

      DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2010.10.002

    • Águeda B., Fernández-Toirán L. M., de Miguel A. M., & Martínez-Peña F. (2010)

      Ectomycorrhizal status of a mature productive black truffle plantation

      Forest Systems | 19 : 89-97

      DOI: 10.5424/fs/2010191-01170

    • Alonso Ponce R., Águeda B., Ágreda T., Modrego M. P., Aldea J., & Martínez-Peña F. (2010)

      A climatic potentiality model for black truffle (Tuber melanosporum) in Teruel (Spain)

      Forest Systems | 19 : 208-220

      DOI: 10.5424/fs/2010192-01315

    • Frutos P., Martínez Peña F., Ortega Martínez P., & Esteban S. (2009)

      Estimating the social benefits of recreational harvesting of edible wild mushrooms using travel cost methods

      Forest Systems | 18 : 235-246

      DOI: 10.5424/fs/2009183-01065

    • Beatriz Águeda, Javier Parladé, Luz Marina Fernández-Toirán, Óscar Cisneros, Ana María de Miguel, María Pilar Modrego, Fernando Martínez-Peña & Joan Pera (2008)

      Mycorrhizal synthesis between Boletus edulis species complex and rockroses

      Mycorrhiza | 18 : 443-449

      DOI: 10.1007/s00572-008-0192-3

    • Ortega-Martínez P., & Martínez-Peña F. (2008)

      A sampling method for estimating sporocarps production of wild edible mushrooms of social and economic interest

      Forest Systems | 17 : 228-237

      DOI: 10.5424/srf/2008173-01037

    • Beatriz Águeda, Javier Parladé, Ana María de Miguel & Fernando Martínez-Peña (2006)

      Characterization and identification of field ectomycorrhizae of Boletus edulis and Cistus ladanifer

      Mycologia | 98 : 23-30

      DOI: 10.1080/15572536.2006.11832709

  • Joaquín Latorre Minguell (2021)
    Caracterización del micoturismo como nuevo producto turístico especializado y su relación con el medio rural en un contexto de cambio global”
    Dirección: Universidad de Valladolid
  • Pedro Ortega Martínez (2012)
    Análisis de Factores Influyentes en la Gestión del Recurso Micológico
    Dirección: Universidad de Valladolid

European Mycological Institute (EMI) Leadership

EMI is a European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation (EGTC) founded in 2016 to promote research, sustainable management, and the valorization of endogenous mycological resources, including truffles and wild edible fungi. Its objective is to strengthen scientific knowledge and serve as a strategic interlocutor with the European Commission (BOE No. 122, May 20, 2016).

Currently, the EMI holds the Secretariat of the European Truffle and Truffle Cultivation Group (GETT), which brings together the national federations of truffle growers from France, Spain, Italy, Sweden, Switzerland, Croatia, Germany, and Hungary, fostering international cooperation and the development of common strategies for sector sustainability and growth.

Wild Edible Fungi Valorization and Sustainable Management Model

Developed in Castilla y León (Micocyl) and later transferred to Aragón (MicoAragón), this model promotes collaborative governance among forest owners to ensure the sustainable harvesting of edible mushrooms. Through digital platforms, it facilitates permit issuance, generating economic resources and scientific data. Currently, we are promoting the Fungi Friendly Forest (FFF) certification to recognize best practices in mycological resource management.

Truffle Valorization and Scientific Knowledge Model 

Established in 2017, Trufforum is the leading knowledge exchange forum on truffles in Spain and one of the most relevant worldwide. It has held seven editions in various regions, including Zaragoza, Vic, Occitania, Soria, Teruel, San Sebastián, and New York. Its Scientific Seminar has featured top international experts and serves as a key meeting point for truffle growers, chefs, and agri-food companies.

Mycotour Platform

Mycotour is a platform dedicated to mycotourism, an immersive experience that combines nature, sustainable harvesting, gastronomy, and science. The website provides information on tourism activities related to fungi and truffles, encouraging biodiversity connection and rural development.

Its main areas of focus include:

  • Mycotourism and Truffle Tourism: Explore forests, learn about fungi, and enjoy unique gastronomic experiences.
  • Citizen Science: Participate in species identification and contribute to ecosystem conservation.
  • Mycological Gastronomy: Discover restaurants specializing in fungi and truffles, offering innovative dishes and local products.

Additionally, Mycotour collaborates with Mycological Parks, local governments, and culinary innovation centers to promote mycotourism in various regions.

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